Compiled by John Sansom
| Function | Formula | Note |
| Dialogue Initiation | Sp:N + Add:N | Introduction and integration of a participant requires that he be explicitly presented more than once (158). |
| Secondary Dialogue Initiation | Sp:Ø + Add:pr | Initiatory dialogue where the participants have previously been well identified. |
| Continuing Dialogue | Sp:Ø + Add:N/pr | Basic quotation formula; Used when no special implications are being communicated. |
| Dialogue Redirection | Sp:N + Add:N | When formula occurs outside the initiation sequence, it indicates a sudden redirection in the dialogue. |
| Equal Status Dialogue | Sp:N + Add:N | Consistent occurrences of formula outside the two previously mentioned functions indicates the speaker and addressee are of equal status; May also indicate a mild tension between participants. |
| Decisive Intervention/ Speaker Dominance | Sp:N + Add:pr | Indicates pulling rank on the part of the speaker or an attempt to make reality what he is saying. A quick succession of quotation formula between participants may indicate a struggle for dominance. |
| Express Social Amenities/ Speaker Compliance | Sp:Ø + Add:Ø | Non-aggressive and reassuring; Also used to introduce the last utterance of a dialogue indicating compliance on the part of the speaker. |
| Argumental Stalemate | Sp:Ø + Add:Ø | For this and previous function look closely in previous clauses for possible indications of speaker and/or addressee, in which case these functions would not apply (166). Indicates either no tension or an attempt to downplay tension between participants. |
| Finality Dialogue | Sp:N + Add:Ø | Speech that does not anticipate an answer; Also includes expressions of puzzlement and outrage. |
| Addressee Focused | Sp:Ø + Add:N | Speech is addressee centered. |